Ukunyuka kwezindlu zeKhonteyina: Isisombululo seZindlu esiZinzileyo kunye neNtsha

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingcamango yeIndlu yesityas ifumene ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo njengendlela ezinzileyo neyilayo kwizindlu. Ezi zakhiwo, zakhiwe kusetyenziswa izikhongozeli zokuthumela ezisetyenzisiweyo, ziye zaba lukhetho oludumileyo kwabo bafuna iindawo zokuhlala ezifikelelekayo, ezinobungani bendalo, kunye neziguquguqukayo. Lo mkhwa awutshintshi nje kuphela ishishini lokwakha kodwa ukwalungisa imingeni yehlabathi efana nokuncitshiswa kwenkunkuma, ukwanda kwabantu ezidolophini, kunye nokunqongophala kwezindlu ezifikelelekayo.

1, Zintoni Izindlu Zemigqomo?

Izindlu zeekhonteyina zizindlu ezakhiwe ngezikhongozeli zentsimbi ezihlaziyiweyo. Ekuqaleni yayiyilelwe ukuthutha iimpahla ukunqumla iilwandlekazi zehlabathi, ezi bhokisi zomelele, zimelana nemozulu, kwaye zakhelwe ukumelana neemeko ezinzima. Ukuphinda zibuyiselwe kwiindawo zokuhlala kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, ukuzinza kwendalo, kunye noyilo olulodwa lolwakhiwo.

Isikhongozeli esinye sokuhambisa silinganisa malunga neenyawo ezi-8 ububanzi, i-8.5 yeenyawo ukuphakama, kunye ne-20 okanye i-40 ubude ubude. Xa iguqulwa ibe yindlu, le milinganiso inokuthatha amagumbi okulala, amakhitshi, amagumbi okuhlambela kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Ngokupakisha izikhongozeli ezininzi okanye uzidibanise nezinto zokwakha zesintu, abakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabakhi banokudala indawo ebanzi, amakhaya anemigangatho emininzi ajongana neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphila kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo.

2, IiNzuzo zokusiNgqongileyo zeZindlu zeMigqomo

Esinye sezona zizathu zinyanzelisayo zokwanda kokuthandwa kwezindlu zeekhonteyina yimpembelelo yazo entle kokusingqongileyo. Nyaka ngamnye, izigidi zemigqomo yokuthumela ngenqanawa esele zisetyenzisiwe ziyalahlwa kwihlabathi liphela, nto leyo efak’ isandla kwinkunkuma nakungcoliseko. Ngokuphinda sisebenzise ezi zikhongozeli, sinciphisa imfuno yemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ephantsi enxulumene nokuveliswa, kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.

Ngaphezu koko, izindlu zeekhonteyina zihlala zibandakanya izinto ezizinzileyo ezinje ngeepaneli zelanga, iinkqubo zokuqokelela amanzi emvula, kunye nezixhobo ezonga umbane. Ezi zinto zongeza ngakumbi ukuhambelana kwazo kwendalo, zizenza zibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kubantu abakhathalele indalo esingqongileyo kunye neentsapho.

3, Iindleko-Ukusebenza kunye nokuguquguquka

Olunye uncedo olukhulu lwezindlu zeekhonteyina kukufikeleleka kwazo. Xa kuthelekiswa nolwakhiwo lwemveli lwezitena kunye nodaka, ixabiso lokwakha indlu yeekhonteyina lisezantsi kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yezinto ezininzi, ezibandakanya ukufumaneka kwezikhongozeli ezisetyenzisiweyo, iimfuno zemathiriyeli ezincitshisiweyo, kunye namaxesha amafutshane okwakha.

Ukongeza, izindlu zeekhonteyina zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okungalinganiyo malunga noyilo kunye nendawo. Ubume babo bemodyuli buvumela ukulungelelaniswa okulula, okwenza abaninimzi benze iiplani ezihambelana neemfuno zabo ezithile. Nokuba yindlu yesitudiyo edibeneyo okanye likhaya losapho elithe saa, izindlu zeekhonteyina zinokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Ngapha koko, ulwakhiwo lwazo olukhaphukhaphu kodwa lomelele luzenza zilungele iindawo ezikude okanye ezinocelomngeni apho iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokwakha zinokuba nzima.

4. Imingeni kunye neNgqwalasela

Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezininzi, izindlu zeekhonteyina azinayo imingeni. Enye yezinto eziphambili ezixhalabisayo kukugquma. Intsimbi iqhuba ubushushu nokubanda ngokulula, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lobushushu ngaphakathi kwekhaya. Oku kubandakanya ukongeza i-insulation layers kwiindonga, uphahla, kunye nomgangatho, nto leyo enokunyusa iindleko.

Enye into eqwalaselwayo kukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo nemigaqo yokwakha yasekuhlaleni. Ngelixa izindlu zeekhonteyina zifumana ukwamkelwa kwihlabathi liphela, eminye imimandla isenayo isikhokelo esicacileyo sokusetyenziswa njengezakhiwo zokuhlala. Abaninimzi kufuneka babonisane nabasemagunyeni kunye neengcali ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiprojekthi zabo ziyahlangabezana nayo yonke imigangatho eyimfuneko.

Ekugqibeleni, i-aesthetics ingaba yinto yokuxabana kwabanye abantu. Nangona uyilo lwangoku lwenze ukuba izindlu zeekhonteyina zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi, abantu abathandabuzayo basenokufumanisa ukuba inkangeleko yeshishini ingathandeki. Nangona kunjalo, abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabaqulunqi baqhubeka betyhala imida, bebonisa ukuba ubuhle kunye nokusebenza kunokuhlalisana kula makhaya akhethekileyo.

5, Amabali empumelelo kwihlabathi liphela

Ukusuka eOstreliya ukuya eYurophu nakuMntla Merika, abantu abaninzi kunye nemibutho baye bamkela izindlu zeekhonteyina njengezisombululo ezisebenzayo kwiingxaki zezindlu. Umzekelo, eAmsterdam, eNetherlands, iprojekthi ebizwa "Keetwonen" ibonelela ngezindlu zabafundi ezifikelelekayo ngokuguqula izikhongozeli zokuthumela ngenqanawa zibe ziiflethi ezixineneyo. Ngokufanayo, eKhalifoniya, eUnited States, abaphuhlisi bakha ubunewunewuAmakhaya esityazixhotyiswe ngezinto eziluncedo zale mihla, ebonisa ukuguquguquka kwalo mbono.

Kumazwe asakhasayo, izindlu zeekhonteyina zisetyenziselwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingxamisekileyo zezindlu. Amaqela angenzi ngeniso kunye namashishini asekuhlaleni aguqula izikhongozeli ezilahliweyo zibe ziisheltha ezikhuselekileyo, ezihlala ixesha elide kuluntu olunomvuzo ophantsi. La manyathelo abonisa ukubanakho kwezindlu zeekhonteyina ukuphucula ubomi ngelixa zikhuthaza uzinzo.

6, Ikamva leZindlu zeMigqomo

Njengoko ulwazi malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokunqongophala kwezixhobo kuqhubeka ukukhula, imfuno yokhetho lwezindlu ezizinzileyo njengezindlu zeekhonteyina kulindeleke ukuba inyuke. Ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa kunye nobuchule bokwakha kuya kwenza la makhaya asebenze ngakumbi, afikeleleke kwaye anqweneleke.

Oorhulumente nabaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni lo mbutho ngokumisela imimiselo nenkuthazo efanelekileyo. Ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwibala kungakhokelela kwimpumelelo eya kuthi inyuse umtsalane wezindlu zeekhonteyina.

Okwangoku, inye into eqinisekileyo: izindlu zeekhonteyina zimela inyathelo elithembisayo elisingise kwikamva elizinzileyo. Bacela umngeni kwiimbono eziqhelekileyo zezindlu kwaye bakhuthaze ubuchule, banikezela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo kweminye yeyona miba inzima yanamhlanje. Nokuba ungumnini wekhaya okokuqala, ummeli wendalo esingqongileyo, okanye umntu nje ofuna indawo ekhethekileyo yokubiza ikhaya, izindlu zeekhonteyina zinokuba yimpendulo obusoloko uyikhangela.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuvela kwezindlu zeekhonteyina kuphawula utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwindlela esicinga ngayo malunga noyilo, uzinzo, kunye nokuhlala kwabantu. Njengoko le meko iqhubeka nokuvela, ibambe amandla amakhulu okuguqula indlela esiphila ngayo, esisebenza ngayo, kunye nokunxibelelana nendawo esingqongileyo.